北京101中学2020-2021学年下学期高二年级期末考试英语试卷
（考试时间：100分钟，试卷满分：100分）
第一部分：知识运用（共三节, 30分）
第一节
完形填空
（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 1 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of 2 but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my weight.
When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me 3 . I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this extra weight any more.
That year, I attended a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her success story — she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.
4 by her story, I created the As We Heal, the World Heals project. My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 5 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world hit me as the perfect solution.
As I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 6 the same difficulties that beat me before. 7 the fear hung over my head, there were also signs that I was heading down the right path. I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began 8 in from hundreds of people.
Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician; I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and healthy meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 9 .
A year later, I reached my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 10 and enormous.
1. A. add B. mix C. share D. kill
2. A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes
3. A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly
4. A. Surprised B. Influenced C. Amused D. Disturbed
5. A. in search of B. in need of C. in support of D. in place of
6. A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside
7. A. While B. Once C. If D. Unless
8. A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping
9. A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly
10. A. stressful B. painful C. peaceful D. meaningful
第二节
语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Born into a rich family, Eileen Chang read a lot of classical Chinese literature and started publishing stories when she was still in middle school. However, in her early 20s, Chang lived in Japanese-occupied Shanghai and went through the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (1931—1945). During the turbulent（动荡的）period, Chang was inspired by 11 she saw and wrote many of her best works.
Eileen Chang, 12 (recognize) as one of the great writers of modern Chinese literature, dealt with common topics with 13 (grace) writing style and intimate understanding of human psychology.
B
Technology in sports is a beautiful thing. With the help of modern technology, including AI, sports coverage 14 (get) more interesting recently. However, this doesn’t mean technology is flawless.
In October, a Scottish soccer club decided to livestream its matches due to the pandemic, using an AI robot camera to track the ball. 15 , the camera appeared to mistake the bald(秃头的) head of the referee for the ball, so it repeatedly 16 (swing) back to follow the referee instead of the actual game.
Many viewers who paid for the match complained they missed their team scoring a goal because of this error. Some suggested that the referee should be given a hat.
C
Beijing is a city of combinations, with clusters of old structures surrounded by high-rise buildings and tower blocks of apartments, many of 17 were built within the last 30 years.
If we compare a city 18 a tree, the typical landmark buildings are like growth rings of the tree, 19 (record) the development of the city’s culture and economy. It is these historical buildings 20 silently express a way of life and a living imprint of time.
第三节
单词拼写
（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
根据句意和所给的首字母或中文提示，用单词的适当形式填空。
21. Students who work hard and make all efforts d _______ good grades.
22. It is certain that at present we can develop cloning either naturally or a _______.
23. A study shows that it is IQ but not EQ that gets you e _______ when you hunt for a job.
24. The world has w_______ great changes in China in the past twenty years.
25. The training of basic ice sports knowledge and languages q _______ him to be a volunteer for the coming Winter Olympics.
26. The well-trained dog can f______ newspapers from the doorway at its master’s command.
27. The _______ （爆发）of Covid-19 has meant great changes in our life and work.
28. Scientists _______（估计）that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 2 years on average.
29. A number of social _______（因素）have led to a decline in the birthrate.
30. I have won the first prize in an oral English contest，which will make me more ___________（有竞争力的）in the interpreting work.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
After a terrible electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, the whole world became completely dark and quiet for Robert Edwards for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.
One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was hit by the lightning. Passers-by thought he was dead but he woke up some 20 minutes later lying face down in muddy water at the base of the tree. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a plough and a wall. When Mrs. Edwards came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.
The news of Robert regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread, and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning. However, none of them could give a convincing answer as to why this should have happened. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since Robert lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.
31. The reason for Robert’s attempts to kill himself was that _________.
A. a terrible traffic accident happened to him
B. he had to live in a dark and silent world
C. he was hit by the lightning once more
D. nobody in the world cared about him
32. We can infer from the text that ________.
A. there was no accurate explanation for Robert’s recovery
B. many doctors came because Robert was badly injured
C. Robert’s wife sent for doctors immediately after the shock
D. a sudden injury in the head led to Robert’s recovery
33. What’s the best title of the whole passage?
A. A Terrible Electrical Accident
B. Robert Edwards and His Wife
C. What a Sudden Shock
D. An Unforgettable Experience
B
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A. To prevent hair fall. B. To keep the hair watery.
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C
Archeology（考古学）isn’t the dusty science it was a generation ago. New technologies that once seemed out of science-fiction are now locating buried traces of buildings and revealing the ruins of cities.
For more than a decade, Sarah Parcak and her team have been on the front line of this revolution. They use satellite images to find and explore ancient sites around the globe. Now they’re about to take on a new challenge as they focus Global Xplorer citizen-science project on India.
In 2017, Parcak launched an online platform, called Global Xplorer, to crowdsource (众包) the initial assessment of satellite images for signs of cultures from long ago. Anyone in the world with a computer and Internet access could help discover and protect remains of Peru’s rich cultural heritage. The results have been surprising. About 80,000 participants from a hundred countries have identified 19,000 sites that were not in Peru’s database. The platform for Peru is still running.
If all goes well, the work in India could last for years. “India has had relatively little archaeological work done,” Parcak says. Also, the full extent of India’s archaeological work has never been mapped completely. Parcak expects her project to make up for that. “Wherever we end up going, the crowd’s going to be able to see extraordinary things,” Parcak says.
Thirty-six India’s cultural heritage relics are already listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Parcak thinks there could be tens of thousands of as yet unknown sites mapped as part of this project. The discoveries promise to be amazing across the land that has seen a parade of cultures come and go.
In the future, she hopes other countries will contact her to launch their own satellite surveys. The possibilities are huge. Parcak said that there are at least 12 million potential archaeological sites yet to be discovered. That means the sky is the limit for her project now that it has gotten off the ground successfully.
37. What’s the purpose of Parcak’s project?
A. To interview citizens via the Internet.
B. To dig out more remains of ancient cities.
C. To build databases for unknown cultural heritage.
D. To identify unknown ancient sites through joint efforts.
38. What do we know about the participants in Peru project?
A. They are well-trained voluntary scholars.
B. They are Internet-equipped volunteers.
C. They are mostly fans of archeology in Peru.
D. They are all archaeologists all over the world.
39. Why is Parcak’s project important to India?
A. India lacks thorough archaeological work.
B. Indians call for the protection of their rich cultures.
C. There’s no amazing archaeological discovery in India.
D. India needs more relics listed as World Heritage Sites.
40.
What does the underlined sentence “The possibilities are huge. ” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Parcak’s project will become successful.
B. Few countries will start satellite surveys.
C. There will be amazing discoveries in India.
D. More archaeological sites will be identified.
D
Integrity
Integrity is the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right. The concept of integrity has played a key role in moral philosophy throughout history and is promoted in all societies because of its importance to social relations. Individual integrity is vital to society, one that enables people to make use of their capacity for critical reflection, does not force people to take up particular roles and does not encourage individuals to betray each other. Besides, societies can be favorable to the development of individual integrity.
Individual integrity can lift up the spirits of the entire society. It can shape the lives of people living in a particular society, the lives of all fellow people and, in its broadest sense, even the destiny of a nation. By contrast, if those living in the society are corrupt, it could have bad effects, jeopardizing the healthy morality of the society.
On the other hand, a society can be favorable to the development of individual integrity. Society expects and requires integrity. A society consisting of people of integrity, and people who never compromise on their principles, could have a positive mark on the personal development of its members. Being a part of such a morally lively community could serve as a basis for absorbing traits of good character. This could be of a distinct advantage to any individuals in the society.
However, some social structures are of the wrong sort for some individuals to pursue integrity. If that is the case, we have to ask questions about the moral nature of society first before raising questions about individual integrity. Questions about integrity may turn out to be about what kind of society it is, rather than about the relationship between individual interests and characteristics of a society. The pursuit of adequate individual integrity often depends, not so much on understanding who one is and what one believes and is committed to, but rather understanding what one’s society is and imagining what it could be.
Under no circumstances can we underestimate the importance of human integrity in a society. People, who are honest, trustworthy, compassionate and caring, are the factors decisive in the growth of individuals as well as the development of a society.
41. Individual integrity has been valued in society because ______.
A. it helps develop philosophy B. it is the basis of critical thinking
C. it is important to social relations D. it ensures people’s particular roles
42. The underlined word “jeopardizing” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______.
A. strengthening B. destroying C. assessing D. influencing
43. The writer believes that ______.
A. social structures guide the formation of individual integrity
B. the nature of society is decided by economic development
C. the pursuit of individual integrity changes with time
D. individual integrity depends on what one believes
44. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
A. B.
C. D.
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C：Conclusion
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mind Your “Qs”
Both IQ and EQ are considered important to our career success. 45 Let’s enter adaptability quotient (AQ), a subjective set of qualities loosely defined as the ability to thrive in an environment of fast and frequent change.
Every profession will require adaptability and flexibility. Say you are an accountant. Your IQ gets you through the examinations to get an offer. Your EQ helps you connect with an interviewer, land a job, and develop relationships with clients and colleagues. 46
All three quotients are somewhat complementary (互补的), since they all help you solve problems and therefore adapt. An ideal candidate possesses all three, but not everyone does. 47 While there is no definite method of measuring adaptability like an IQ test, companies are changing their recruitment processes to help identify people who may be high in it.
Natalie Fratto, a vice-president at Goldman Sachs, suggests three ways AQ might show in potential candidates: if they can picture possible versions of the future by asking “what if questions”; if they can forget information to challenge presumptions（假定）; and if they enjoy exploration or seeking out new experiences.
48 First, limit distractions and learn to focus so that you can determine what adaptations to make. Second, ask uncomfortable questions to develop courage and normalize fear. Third, be curious about things that fascinate you by having more conversations rather than Googling the answer, something that reduces your ability to solve difficult challenges.
Over the next three years, 120 million people in the world’s largest economies may need to be reskilled because of automation, according to a 2019 IBM study. 49 The ability to learn, change, grow, experiment will become far more important than subject expertise.
A. AQ is now increasingly being sought at the hiring level.
B. One good thing about AQ is that experts say you can work to develop it.
C. We may not all be comfortable with the pace of change, but we can prepare.
D. This is because an algorithm (算法) can do these tasks faster and more accurately than a human.
E. But today, as technology redefines how we work, the skills needed in the job market are developing too.
F. Having IQ but no EQ would leave you struggling to accept new ways of working using your existing skills.
G. Then, when systems change or aspects of work are automated, you will need AQ to adapt to new ways of performing your role.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节
阅读表达（共4小题；第50、51小题各2分，第52小题3分，第53小题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Strengthen Your Immune System
One aspect of the Covid-19 pandemic that has kept us guessing since the early days is why some people who get the virus don’t suffer much and others become desperately ill. What factors give some people a stronger immune system than others, regardless of age?
We know that our immune systems slowly decline as we age. The difference in rate of decline between individuals is one of science’s big mysteries. The immune system is complex, but most of us understand the basics: Our bodies detect an intruder（入侵者）– a virus or bacterium, and produce white blood cells to combat the problem.
No one knows why our bodies don’t produce as many immune cells as we get older. Researchers got some insights, especially regarding T cells, which are white blood cells that attack viruses. We possess two broad categories of T cells: “memory” cells that have encountered a certain pathogen（衣原体）and “remember” how to fight it. The other is “naïve” cells, which have yet to fight anything. As we age, it seems that the number of naïve T cells decreases.
And those are exactly the cells needed to recognize newly emerging microorganisms like the Covid-19 virus. This means that when that virus – something our immune systems haven’t seen before – shows up, most of us don’t have memory T cells to use, so the naïve cells have to take on the fight. Since older folks have fewer naïve cells to fight with, as a group they are more vulnerable.
The reasons why these key cells decline over time could be various and genetics plays a part. But it’s debatable how big a part compared with environment and lifestyle.
Chronic low-grade inflammation (炎症) that develops with advanced age can also affect the immune system. Lifestyle factors—poor sleep, ongoing stress, and weight gain – are common causes, as are systemic issues such as autoimmune diseases and decreased liver or kidney function. This inflammation causes the immune system to operate abnormally, which accelerates the aging process and can cause many other diseases.
While you can’t do anything about your genetic makeup, slowing it down can mean a higher immune reserve when you need it most. Fortunately, many factors that positively affect your immune system are within your control, including regular workouts and eating properly. Regular workouts boost immune function and lower inflammation. Exercises strengthen the body and may be the most important lifestyle intervention (干预)
you can add. Eating right and avoiding obesity, whose inflammatory effect is deadly, are common sense.
Besides, research has shown that stress can speed immune senescence (衰老). Self-care in this area is critical, from anti-stress activities to asking for help in unresolved stressful situations.
The pandemic has changed people’s lives and it will lead to a new era in immunity research. If we can do a wider search rather than chase after individual diseases, we will handle all immune challenges better.
50. How does the immune system work?
51. Why are the old considered more vulnerable?
52. Paraphrase the underlined sentence “But it’s debatable how big a part compared with environment and lifestyle.”
53. Explain how the Covid-19 pandemic has changed your lifestyle. (about 40 words)
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。英国交换生Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对你校的学生社团非常感兴趣，计划下学期参加其中一个, 他向你征询建议。请给他回邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐的社团；
2. 推荐的理由；
3. 建议他做哪些准备。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分
第一节
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5.C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D
第二节
11. what 12. recognized/recognised 13. graceful
14. has got/has been getting/is getting 15. However 16. swung 17. which
18. to 19. recording 20. that
第三节
21. deserve 22. artificially 23. employed 24.witnessed 25.qualifies/qualified
26. fetch 27. outbreak 28. estimate 29. factors 30. competitive
第二部分
第一节
A篇 31-33 BAC B篇 34-36 ABC C篇37-40 DBAD D篇 41-44 CBAD
第二节
45-49 EGABC
第三部分
第一节
50. The immune system detects an intruder and produces white blood cells to combat the problem.
51. Because as we age, the immune system produces fewer naïve cells to fight against an unknown virus. Thus, the old, as a group, are more vulnerable.
52. While genetics are sure to affect one’s immune system, one’s lifestyle and living environment also play a role. However, it is hard to tell which one affects the immune system more.
53. To get rid of the boredom and stress during quarantine, I started running every day. While running, it seems my mind gets refreshed and I am refilled with energy. I’ve formed a very healthy habit.
第二节
Possible version；
I’m more than delighted to know you are curious about the club activities of our school and want to join one next term. I’d like to recommend Peking opera club to you, which I believe you will enjoy a lot from.
I recommend this club to you for the following reasons. First, Peking opera is like a pearl in Chinese traditional art. Joining this club can give you a taste of Chinese traditional art forms and even have a hands-on experience. Besides, the club will regularly organize various activities, such as inviting famous actors to perform, and drawing Peking opera make-ups. Considering your interest in Chinese history, I believe getting close to Peking opera will also be a good way of learning more about it.
When it comes to preparation, you can watch some famous Peking opera videos on the Internet or read some relevant materials, which will definitely be beneficial for you.
Hope my suggestions can be of help. If you want to learn anything more, don’t hesitate to contact me.
Best wishes.